以2.36mm为界！济南沥青料，3大核心原料决定路面品质

　　Divided by 2.36mm! Jinan asphalt material, three core raw materials determine the quality of road surface

　　沥青路面的耐用度，根源在沥青料的原料搭配——看似简单的混合料，实则由沥青、集料、矿粉三大核心原料精准配比而成，其中沥青主导性能，集料撑起强度，矿粉筑牢粘合，三者缺一不可。济南作为基建重镇，本地沥青料生产严格遵循行业规范，适配不同道路等级与气候工况，今天结合实测数据，唠透济南沥青料的三大核心原料、选型标准及配比逻辑，帮大家读懂沥青料的品质密码。

　　The durability of asphalt pavement is rooted in the raw material combination of asphalt material - seemingly simple mixture, which is actually made up of three core raw materials: asphalt, aggregate, and mineral powder. Among them, asphalt dominates the performance, aggregate supports the strength, and mineral powder builds a strong bond. All three are indispensable. As a key infrastructure city, Jinan strictly follows industry standards in the production of local asphalt materials, adapting to different road grades and climate conditions. Today, based on measured data, we will explain the three core raw materials, selection standards, and proportioning logic of Jinan asphalt materials, helping everyone understand the quality code of asphalt materials.

　　沥青是济南沥青料的“核心灵魂”，占比4.5%-6.0%，其性能直接决定混合料的整体表现，也是区分沥青料等级的关键。济南市场常用三类沥青：石油沥青适配80%的市政道路与乡村公路，性价比突出，针入度控制在60-80（0.1mm），低温抗裂性达标-10℃，适配济南四季分明的气候；改性沥青（多为SBS改性）主打高强度、抗车辙，高温稳定性提升40%，动稳定度≥2800次/mm，适配高速公路、重载路段，占济南高端沥青料用量的35%；乳化沥青主打冷态施工，环保节能，渗透性强，多用于透层、粘层及路面预防性养护，济南旧路翻新项目中使用率达60%。

　　Asphalt is the "core soul" of Jinan asphalt material, accounting for 4.5% -6.0%. Its performance directly determines the overall performance of the mixture and is also the key to distinguishing the grade of asphalt material. Three types of asphalt are commonly used in the Jinan market: petroleum asphalt is suitable for 80% of municipal and rural roads, with outstanding cost-effectiveness. The penetration rate is controlled at 60-80 (0.1mm), and the low-temperature crack resistance meets the standard of -10 ℃. It is suitable for the distinct four seasons of Jinan's climate; Modified asphalt (mostly SBS modified) focuses on high strength and anti rutting, with a 40% increase in high-temperature stability and a dynamic stability of ≥ 2800 times/mm. It is suitable for highways and heavy-duty sections, accounting for 35% of the high-end asphalt consumption in Jinan; Emulsified asphalt is mainly used for cold construction, which is environmentally friendly, energy-saving, and has strong permeability. It is mostly used for permeable layers, adhesive layers, and preventive maintenance of road surfaces. The usage rate in the renovation project of old roads in Jinan has reached 60%.

　　集料是沥青料的“骨架”，占比超90%，以2.36mm为明确分界线，分为粗集料与细集料，两者搭配决定路面强度与耐磨性。济南沥青料选用的粗集料，优先采用碱性碎石，与沥青粘附性达4级以上，抗压强度≥120MPa，耐磨性达标磨耗值≤30%，形状接近立方体，针片状颗粒含量≤15%，洁净无分化、无杂质，有效避免路面早期松散、破损。细集料可选用天然砂、机制砂或石屑，济南本地多采用机制砂，级配通过率符合规范要求，含泥量≤3%，确保与沥青、矿粉充分粘合，提升混合料密实度。

　　Aggregate is the "skeleton" of asphalt, accounting for over 90%. It is divided into coarse aggregate and fine aggregate with a clear boundary of 2.36mm, and the combination of the two determines the strength and wear resistance of the pavement. The coarse aggregate selected for Jinan asphalt material is preferably alkaline crushed stone, with adhesion to asphalt of level 4 or above, compressive strength ≥ 120MPa, wear resistance standard wear value ≤ 30%, shape close to a cube, needle like particle content ≤ 15%, clean without differentiation or impurities, effectively avoiding early loosening and damage of the road surface. Fine aggregate can be selected from natural sand, machine-made sand or stone chips. Mechanized sand is commonly used locally in Jinan, with a gradation pass rate that meets the specification requirements and a mud content of ≤ 3%, ensuring sufficient adhesion with asphalt and mineral powder and improving the compactness of the mixture.

　　矿粉是沥青料的“粘合纽带”，占比3%-5%，虽用量少但作用关键，能与沥青形成高粘接力的沥青胶浆，将粗细集料牢牢粘合为整体。济南沥青料选用的矿粉，优先采用石灰岩或岩浆岩中的强基性岩加工而成，渗水性达标，比表面积≥3000cm?/g，含水量≤1%，无杂质、无结块，确保胶浆粘合强度，让沥青料抗压、抗剪切能力提升25%，有效减少车辙、裂缝等病害，延长路面使用寿命。

　　Mineral powder is the "bonding bond" of asphalt material, accounting for 3% -5%. Although it is used in small quantities, its role is crucial. It can form a high adhesion asphalt slurry with asphalt, firmly bonding coarse and fine aggregates into a whole. The mineral powder selected for Jinan asphalt material is preferably processed from strong basic rocks in limestone or igneous rock, with water permeability meeting standards, a specific surface area of ≥ 3000cm ?/g, a water content of ≤ 1%, no impurities or clumps, ensuring the bonding strength of the binder, increasing the compressive and shear resistance of the asphalt material by 25%, effectively reducing diseases such as ruts and cracks, and extending the service life of the road surface.

　　济南沥青料的品质优势，源于精准配比与严格选材。本地正规厂家会根据道路等级、施工条件定制配方：高速路面采用改性沥青+优质碱性粗集料，油石比控制在5.0%-5.5%，空隙率3%-5%，确保重载通行下不易变形；市政道路采用石油沥青+常规集料，油石比4.5%-5.0%，兼顾性价比与耐用性；乡村公路可灵活调整配比，降低成本的同时保障基础强度。实测显示，济南合规沥青料制成的路面，使用寿命比劣质原料沥青料长3倍以上，早期病害发生率低于5%。

　　The quality advantage of Jinan asphalt material comes from precise proportioning and strict material selection. Local legitimate manufacturers will customize formulas based on road grades and construction conditions: modified asphalt and high-quality alkaline coarse aggregate are used for high-speed road surfaces, with an oil stone ratio controlled at 5.0% -5.5% and a void ratio of 3% -5%, ensuring that deformation is not easily caused under heavy traffic; Municipal roads use petroleum asphalt and conventional aggregates, with an oil stone ratio of 4.5% -5.0%, balancing cost-effectiveness and durability; Rural roads can be flexibly adjusted to reduce costs while ensuring basic strength. Actual testing shows that the pavement made of compliant asphalt in Jinan has a service life more than three times longer than that of inferior raw asphalt, and the early disease incidence rate is less than 5%.

　　原料选型的细节把控，是济南沥青料的品质底气。粗集料需经过3道筛选工序，去除杂质与不合格颗粒，合格率达100%；细集料烘干至含水率≤0.5%，避免水分影响粘合效果；沥青进场前需检测针入度、延度等核心指标，不合格原料坚决拒收。此外，济南厂家会根据气候优化原料搭配，冬季侧重提升沥青低温抗裂性，夏季强化集料耐磨性，适配本地气候工况。

　　The detailed control of raw material selection is the quality assurance of Jinan asphalt material. Coarse aggregate needs to undergo three screening processes to remove impurities and unqualified particles, with a pass rate of 100%; Dry the fine aggregate to a moisture content of ≤ 0.5% to avoid moisture affecting the bonding effect; Before asphalt enters the site, core indicators such as penetration and elongation must be tested, and unqualified raw materials must be rejected resolutely. In addition, Jinan manufacturers will optimize the raw material mix according to the climate, focusing on improving the low-temperature crack resistance of asphalt in winter and strengthening the wear resistance of aggregates in summer to adapt to local climate conditions.

　　选济南沥青料，核心看三大原料的选型是否达标：一是沥青类型匹配道路等级，二是粗集料强度与粘附性合格、细集料级配合规，三是矿粉材质与细度达标。劣质沥青料多选用低标号沥青、含泥量超标的集料及不合格矿粉，虽价格低30%，但路面通车后1-2年就会出现泛油、坑槽等病害，后期修复成本是优质沥青料的2倍以上。

　　When choosing Jinan asphalt material, the key is to check whether the selection of the three major raw materials meets the standards: first, whether the asphalt type matches the road grade; second, whether the strength and adhesion of coarse aggregates are qualified, and whether the fine aggregate grade meets the requirements; third, whether the mineral powder material and fineness meet the standards. Poor quality asphalt materials often use low-grade asphalt, aggregates with excessive mud content, and unqualified mineral powder. Although the price is 30% lower, the road surface will suffer from diseases such as oil bleeding and potholes 1-2 years after opening, and the later repair cost is more than twice that of high-quality asphalt materials.

　　总结来说，济南沥青料的品质，藏在2.36mm的集料分界、4.5%-6.0%的沥青占比、3%-5%的矿粉配比中。三大核心原料精准搭配、严格筛选，才能制成适配不同场景的优质沥青料，筑牢济南公路建设的品质根基。无论是高速公路、市政道路还是乡村公路，选对原料合规、配比科学的济南沥青料，才能实现路面耐用、少维修，兼顾性价比与长效性。

　　In summary, the quality of Jinan asphalt material lies in the 2.36mm aggregate boundary, 4.5% -6.0% asphalt proportion, and 3% -5% mineral powder ratio. The precise combination and strict screening of the three core raw materials are necessary to produce high-quality asphalt materials that are suitable for different scenarios, laying a solid foundation for the quality of Jinan's highway construction. Whether it is highways, municipal roads, or rural roads, selecting Jinan asphalt materials with compliant raw materials and scientific proportioning is the key to achieving road durability, minimal maintenance, cost-effectiveness, and long-term effectiveness.