材料构成​

Material composition

沥青混凝土主要由沥青、粗集料、细集料和填充料按一定比例混合而成。在济南，沥青多选用优质的石油沥青，其具有良好的粘结性和柔韧性，能有效将各种集料牢固地粘结在一起。粗集料通常采用坚硬、耐磨的碎石，如石灰岩、玄武岩等，为沥青混凝土提供必要的强度和骨架支撑。细集料则选用天然砂或机制砂，填充粗集料之间的空隙，使沥青混凝土结构更加密实。填充料一般为矿粉，它能够改善沥青的性能，增强沥青与集料之间的粘结力。​

Asphalt concrete is mainly composed of asphalt, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, and filling material mixed in a certain proportion. In Jinan, high-quality petroleum asphalt is often used as asphalt, which has good adhesion and flexibility, and can effectively bond various aggregates together firmly. Coarse aggregates are usually made of hard and wear-resistant crushed stones, such as limestone, basalt, etc., to provide necessary strength and skeleton support for asphalt concrete. Fine aggregate is selected from natural sand or machine-made sand to fill the gaps between coarse aggregates, making the asphalt concrete structure more compact. The filling material is generally mineral powder, which can improve the performance of asphalt and enhance the bonding strength between asphalt and aggregate. ​

性能优势​

Performance advantages

良好的平整度：沥青混凝土在摊铺和碾压过程中，能够形成较为平整的路面表面。这不仅提高了行车的舒适性，减少了车辆颠簸，还降低了车辆轮胎的磨损。在济南的城市道路上，如经十路等主要干道，平整的沥青路面让车辆行驶更加平稳顺畅，提升了交通效率。​

Good smoothness: Asphalt concrete can form a relatively smooth road surface during paving and rolling. This not only improves driving comfort and reduces vehicle bumps, but also reduces tire wear. On the urban roads of Jinan, such as Jingshi Road and other major thoroughfares, the smooth asphalt pavement makes vehicle travel smoother and improves traffic efficiency. ​

出色的抗滑性能：通过合理选择集料的种类和级配，沥青混凝土路面能够具备良好的抗滑性能。在济南的雨季，路面的抗滑性能尤为重要，它能有效防止车辆在行驶过程中发生打滑现象，保障行车安全。例如，在一些山区道路和弯道处，采用特殊级配的沥青混凝土，增加了路面的粗糙度，提高了抗滑能力。​

Excellent anti-skid performance: By selecting the appropriate type and grading of aggregates, asphalt concrete pavement can have good anti-skid performance. During the rainy season in Jinan, the anti-skid performance of the road surface is particularly important, as it can effectively prevent vehicles from slipping during driving and ensure driving safety. For example, in some mountainous roads and bends, special graded asphalt concrete is used to increase the roughness of the road surface and improve its skid resistance. ​

降噪效果显著：与水泥混凝土路面相比，沥青混凝土路面具有较好的吸声性能，能够有效降低车辆行驶过程中产生的噪声。这对于改善城市的声环境质量，减少交通噪声对居民生活的影响具有重要意义。在济南的一些靠近居民区的道路建设中，优先选用沥青混凝土路面，为居民营造了相对安静的生活环境。​

Significant noise reduction effect: Compared with cement concrete pavement, asphalt concrete pavement has better sound absorption performance, which can effectively reduce the noise generated during vehicle driving. This is of great significance for improving the sound environment quality of cities and reducing the impact of traffic noise on residents' lives. In the construction of some roads near residential areas in Jinan, asphalt concrete pavement is given priority, creating a relatively quiet living environment for residents. ​

施工便捷高效：沥青混凝土可以采用机械化施工，施工速度快，能够在较短时间内开放交通。在济南的道路维修和改造工程中，常常利用夜间或交通低谷时段进行沥青混凝土路面的铺设，尽量减少对交通的影响。例如，在顺河高架的大修改造工程中，采用 1.5cm 沥青砂 + 4cmSMA - 13 沥青混凝土铺装，通过合理安排施工时间和工艺，有效改善了路面平整度和行车舒适度，同时最大限度减小了施工对交通的干扰。

Convenient and efficient construction: Asphalt concrete can be mechanically constructed, with fast construction speed and the ability to open up traffic in a short period of time. In the road maintenance and renovation projects in Jinan, asphalt concrete pavement is often laid at night or during low traffic periods to minimize the impact on traffic. For example, in the major renovation project of Shunhe Elevated Road, 1.5cm asphalt sand and 4cm SMA-13 asphalt concrete pavement were used. By arranging the construction time and technology reasonably, the road surface smoothness and driving comfort were effectively improved, while minimizing the interference of construction on traffic.

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