装载机维护保养实用指南主要包括以下方面：
　　The practical guide for maintenance and upkeep of loaders mainly includes the following aspects:
　　一、新车走合保养
　　1、 New car running in maintenance
　　新车走合阶段约需60小时，在此期间务必遵循以下要求：
　　The new car's closing phase takes about 60 hours, during which the following requirements must be followed:
　　研读说明书：认真阅读装载机说明书，牢记其中的每一项注意事项，这是正确操作与保养装载机的基础。
　　Read the manual carefully: Carefully read the loader manual and remember every note in it, which is the foundation for correct operation and maintenance of the loader.
　　合理挡位与载重：前进挡、后退挡应均匀安排走合，且在走合期内装载重量不得超过额定载重的70%，避免过度负荷对新机器造成损伤。
　　Reasonable gear and load: The forward and reverse gears should be evenly arranged for engagement, and the loaded weight during the engagement period should not exceed 70% of the rated load to avoid damage to the new machine caused by excessive load.
　　关注润滑情况：密切注意机器的润滑状况，严格按规定时间更换或添加润滑油，确保各部件得到良好润滑，减少摩擦磨损。
　　Pay close attention to the lubrication condition of the machine, replace or add lubricating oil strictly according to the prescribed time, ensure that all components are well lubricated, and reduce friction and wear.
　　监控部件温度：经常检查变速箱、变矩器、前后桥、轮毂以及制动鼓的温度，一旦出现过热现象，立即找出原因并排除，防止因高温引发部件损坏或性能下降。
　　Monitoring component temperature: Regularly check the temperature of the gearbox, torque converter, front and rear axles, wheel hubs, and brake drums. Once overheating occurs, immediately identify the cause and eliminate it to prevent component damage or performance degradation caused by high temperatures.
　　选择合适物料与操作方式：走合期间以装载松散物料为宜，操作时应平稳缓和，不得过猛过急，减少对机器的冲击。
　　Choose appropriate materials and operating methods: During the closing process, it is advisable to load loose materials, and the operation should be smooth and gentle, without excessive force or urgency, to reduce the impact on the machine.
　　检查电器系统：检查电器系统各部件温度及连接情况，确认发电机供电状态正常，灯光照明等功能完好，保障装载机的电气安全与正常使用。
　　Check the electrical system: Check the temperature and connection of each component of the electrical system, confirm that the power supply status of the generator is normal, the lighting and other functions are intact, and ensure the electrical safety and normal use of the loader.
　　紧固关键部件螺栓：全面检查装载机各关键部件（发动机、桥箱变、轮辋、传动轴等）螺栓、螺母的紧固情况，防止因螺栓松动引发安全事故。
　　Tighten the bolts of key components: Conduct a comprehensive inspection of the tightening of bolts and nuts of various key components of the loader (engine, axle box transformer, wheel rim, transmission shaft, etc.) to prevent safety accidents caused by loose bolts.
　　走合期满后的保养：走合期满后，清洗变速箱油底壳滤网并更换新油，同时更换发动机机油和驱动桥油，为装载机后续的稳定运行奠定基础。
　　Maintenance after the running in period: After the running in period, clean the transmission oil pan filter and replace it with new oil, while changing the engine oil and drive axle oil, laying the foundation for the stable operation of the loader in the future.
　　二、定期保养阶段
　　2、 Regular maintenance phase
　　1. 每天（或每10小时）保养
　　1. Daily (or every 10 hours) maintenance
　　绕机目视检查有无异常、三漏（漏油、漏水、漏气）现象，及时发现潜在问题。
　　Visually inspect the machine for any abnormalities or leaks (oil, water, or air), and promptly identify potential issues.
　　检查发动机机油油位、燃油箱油量、水箱水位、制动液量，确保各油液和水位处于正常范围。
　　Check the engine oil level, fuel tank level, water tank level, and brake fluid level to ensure that all fluids and water levels are within the normal range.
　　检查灯光及仪表，保证照明正常与仪表显示准确，以便及时掌握装载机的工作状态。
　　Check the lighting and instruments to ensure normal illumination and accurate instrument display, in order to timely grasp the working status of the loader.
　　检查轮胎气压及各铰接点的润滑情况，保障轮胎正常使用与各关节灵活转动。
　　Check the tire pressure and lubrication of each hinge point to ensure the normal use of the tire and the flexible rotation of each joint.
　　检查关键部位螺栓的紧固情况，预防因螺栓松动导致的故障。
　　Check the tightening of bolts in key areas to prevent malfunctions caused by loose bolts.
　　2. 每半月（或每100小时）保养
　　2. Maintenance every half month (or every 100 hours)
　　重复每天检验项目，加强日常检查力度。
　　Repeat daily inspection items and strengthen daily inspection efforts.
　　清洗柴油箱加油滤网、发动机缸头及变矩器油冷却器，保持燃油和冷却系统的清洁。
　　Clean the diesel tank fuel filter, engine cylinder head, and torque converter oil cooler to maintain the cleanliness of the fuel and cooling system.
　　更换前、后驱动桥齿轮油，确保驱动桥的良好润滑与正常运行。
　　Replace the front and rear drive axle gear oil to ensure good lubrication and normal operation of the drive axle.
　　3. 每个月（或每250小时）保养
　　3. Monthly (or every 250 hours) maintenance
　　重复半月检验项目，持续监控装载机状态。
　　Repeat the half month inspection project and continuously monitor the status of the loader.
　　检查轮辋固定螺栓的拧紧力矩，防止轮辋松动。
　　Check the tightening torque of the wheel rim fixing bolts to prevent the wheel rim from loosening.
　　检查前后桥油位，及时补充或更换油液。
　　Check the oil level of the front and rear axles, and promptly replenish or replace the oil.
　　检查工作装置、前后车架各受力焊缝是否有裂纹，保障结构强度与作业安全。
　　Check whether there are cracks in the stress welds of the working device and the front and rear frames to ensure structural strength and operational safety.
　　检查调整脚制动及紧急停车制动，确保制动性能可靠。
　　Check and adjust the foot brake and emergency parking brake to ensure reliable braking performance.
　　重点检查发动机：检查发动机风扇皮带、压缩机及发电机皮带松紧及损坏情况，及时调整或更换皮带；检查发动机进气系统空气滤清器服务指示器，若指示器黄色活塞升到红色区域，应清洗或更换空气滤清器滤芯，保证发动机进气清洁。
　　Key inspection of engine: Check the tightness and damage of the engine fan belt, compressor and generator belt, and adjust or replace the belt in a timely manner; Check the air filter service indicator of the engine intake system. If the yellow piston of the indicator rises to the red area, the air filter element should be cleaned or replaced to ensure the cleanliness of the engine intake.
　　4. 每三月（或每500小时）保养
　　4. Maintenance every three months (or every 500 hours)
　　重复每月检验项目，巩固维护效果。
　　Repeat monthly inspection items to consolidate maintenance effectiveness.
　　检查紧固前后桥与车架连接螺栓，增强结构稳定性。
　　Check and tighten the bolts connecting the front and rear axles to the frame to enhance structural stability.
　　更换发动机机油并更换机油滤芯，保持发动机内部清洁。
　　Change the engine oil and replace the oil filter element to keep the interior of the engine clean.
　　检查发动机气门间隙及清洗柴油箱加油及吸油滤网，优化发动机性能。
　　Check the engine valve clearance and clean the fuel and oil suction filter of the diesel tank to optimize engine performance.
　　检查转向系统，测量方向盘的空行程，保障转向精准灵活。
　　Check the steering system, measure the idle stroke of the steering wheel, and ensure precise and flexible steering.
　　5. 每半年（或每1000小时）保养
　　5. Maintenance every six months (or every 1000 hours)
　　重复每三个月检验项目，持续保障装载机各部件良好状态。
　　Repeat the inspection items every three months to continuously ensure that all components of the loader are in good condition.
　　检查更换变速箱油，清洗滤油器及油底壳，维持变速箱正常运转。
　　Check and replace the transmission oil, clean the oil filter and oil pan, and maintain the normal operation of the transmission.
　　检查发动机的运转情况，更换发动机的柴油滤清器，保证燃油供应质量。
　　Check the operation of the engine, replace the diesel filter of the engine, and ensure the quality of fuel supply.
　　检测各种温度表、压力表，确保仪表准确性，以便及时监控装载机工作参数。
　　Detect various temperature and pressure gauges to ensure their accuracy, in order to monitor the working parameters of the loader in a timely manner.
　　更换驱动桥齿轮油和液压油箱的回油滤芯，保障驱动桥与液压系统的稳定运行。
　　Replace the return oil filter of the drive axle gear oil and hydraulic oil tank to ensure stable operation of the drive axle and hydraulic system.
　　检查制动加力器，更换刹车油，确保制动系统安全可靠。
　　Check the brake booster, replace the brake oil, and ensure the safety and reliability of the braking system.
　　6. 每年（或每2000小时）保养
　　6. Annual (or every 2000 hours) maintenance
　　重复每半年检验项目，加强全面检查。
　　Repeat the inspection items every six months and strengthen comprehensive inspections.
　　按柴油机说明书对发动机进行检修，恢复发动机性能。
　　Perform engine maintenance according to the diesel engine manual to restore engine performance.
　　更换变速器及前、后桥用油、液压油，更新各系统油液。
　　Replace the transmission, front and rear axle oil, hydraulic oil, and update the oil in each system.
　　检查脚制动及停车制动工作情况，必要时拆卸检查摩擦片磨损情况，保障制动效果。
　　Check the working condition of the foot brake and parking brake, and if necessary, disassemble and inspect the wear of the friction plate to ensure the braking effect.
　　清洗检查制动加力器密封件和弹簧，更换制动液，检查制动灵敏性，确保制动系统安全可靠。
　　Clean and inspect the sealing components and springs of the brake booster, replace the brake fluid, check the braking sensitivity, and ensure the safety and reliability of the braking system.
　　通过测量油缸的自然沉降量，检查分配阀及工作油缸的密封性，检查转向系统的灵活性，保障液压与转向系统正常工作。
　　By measuring the natural settlement of the oil cylinder, checking the sealing of the distribution valve and working oil cylinder, checking the flexibility of the steering system, and ensuring the normal operation of the hydraulic and steering systems.
　　检查工作装置、车架、轮辋各焊缝情况，确保结构完整性与安全性。
　　Check the welding seams of the working device, frame, and wheel rim to ensure structural integrity and safety.
　　三、使用注意事项
　　3、 Precautions for use
　　冬季启动与防护：冬季（一般气温在-5℃以下）发动机起动前进行预热，待预热到30~40℃以上再行起动，保护发动机免受低温损伤。水箱中要加注防冻液（冬季不使用防冻液的车辆，每天机器不工作时必须将水箱、发动机机体、暖风机中的冷却水全部放掉），防止水箱和发动机冻裂。
　　Winter start-up and protection: Preheat the engine before starting in winter (generally below -5 ℃), and wait until it reaches 30-40 ℃ or above before starting to protect the engine from low temperature damage. Antifreeze should be added to the water tank (for vehicles that do not use antifreeze in winter, the cooling water in the water tank, engine body, and heater must be drained every day when the machine is not working) to prevent the water tank and engine from freezing and cracking.
　　禁止私自改装：严禁用户私自对装载机进行改装，因改装引起的质量问题厂家概不负责，避免因不规范改装导致装载机性能下降或出现安全隐患。
　　Prohibition of unauthorized modification: Users are strictly prohibited from modifying the loader without authorization. The manufacturer is not responsible for any quality problems caused by modification, in order to avoid the performance degradation or safety hazards of the loader caused by non-standard modification.
　　柴油质量要求：装载机使用的柴油必须纯净并经过至少72小时的沉淀，柴油牌号应符合规定要求，保证燃油供应质量，防止因柴油杂质过多引发发动机故障。
　　Diesel quality requirements: The diesel used by the loader must be pure and have been precipitated for at least 72 hours. The diesel grade should meet the specified requirements to ensure the quality of fuel supply and prevent engine failure caused by excessive diesel impurities.
　　油液清洁要求：变速箱、变矩器使用的液力传动油，液压系统使用的液压油必须清洁，防止杂质进入系统，损坏部件或影响系统性能。
　　Oil cleaning requirements: The hydraulic transmission oil used in the gearbox and torque converter, as well as the hydraulic oil used in the hydraulic system, must be clean to prevent impurities from entering the system, damaging components, or affecting system performance.
　　温度控制：柴油机出水温度高于60℃，机油温度高于50℃才允许全负荷运转。作业时发动机水温及机油温度不超过95℃，变矩器油温不超过120℃，由于重载作业油温超过允许值时应停车冷却，避免因温度过高损坏发动机、变速箱等关键部件。
　　Temperature control: Full load operation is only allowed when the outlet water temperature of the diesel engine is above 60 ℃ and the oil temperature is above 50 ℃. During operation, the engine water temperature and oil temperature should not exceed 95 ℃, and the torque converter oil temperature should not exceed 120 ℃. If the oil temperature exceeds the allowable value during heavy load operation, the vehicle should be stopped for cooling to avoid damaging key components such as the engine and transmission due to high temperature.
　　功率修正：装载机所用的柴油机，其功率会随海拔高度、环境温度和相对温度的增加而降低，在使用装载机时，必须注意当地的环境状况，按《柴油机使用保养说明书》中功率修正表中的要求，得出柴油机在当地状况下的实际功率，以便合理安排作业任务，避免发动机过载。
　　Power correction: The power of the diesel engine used in the loader will decrease with the increase of altitude, ambient temperature, and relative temperature. When using the loader, it is necessary to pay attention to the local environmental conditions and obtain the actual power of the diesel engine under local conditions according to the requirements of the power correction table in the "Diesel Engine Use and Maintenance Manual", in order to arrange work tasks reasonably and avoid engine overload.
　　通过严格遵循上述装载机的走合保养、定期保养要求以及使用过程中的注意事项，能够有效延长装载机的使用寿命，提高其工作可靠性与安全性，为各类工程作业提供有力的设备保障。
　　By strictly following the requirements for running in maintenance, regular maintenance, and precautions during use of the loader, the service life of the loader can be effectively extended, its reliability and safety can be improved, and strong equipment support can be provided for various engineering operations.
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